Can an enlarged prostate (BPH) cause urinary retention?

Yes. An enlarged prostate (BPH) can cause urinary retention by blocking the normal flow of urine through the urethra. In severe cases, a man may find it difficult or impossible to urinate, which is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.

Urinary retention is one of the more serious complications of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). As the prostate enlarges, it can compress the urethra, making it increasingly difficult for urine to pass from the bladder.

Over time, the bladder muscles may weaken due to the extra effort required to empty the bladder. This can eventually lead to incomplete bladder emptying or complete urinary retention.

What is urinary retention?

Urinary retention occurs when the bladder cannot empty completely or, in severe cases, cannot empty at all.

It may develop gradually over time (chronic urinary retention) or occur suddenly (acute urinary retention).

Symptoms of urinary retention

Common symptoms include:

• Difficulty starting urination.
• Weak or interrupted urine stream.
• Feeling that the bladder is still full after urinating.
• Lower abdominal discomfort or pressure.
• Frequent urination in small amounts.
• Sudden inability to pass urine despite a strong urge.

Is acute urinary retention an emergency?

Yes. Acute urinary retention is a medical emergency. If you are unable to pass urine and have severe lower abdominal pain or swelling, you should seek immediate medical attention. Delaying treatment can increase the risk of bladder damage, urinary tract infection, and kidney problems.

How is urinary retention treated?

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause.

Your urologist may recommend:

• Temporary bladder drainage using a catheter.
• Medications to improve urine flow.
• Evaluation of prostate size and bladder function.
• Minimally invasive procedures or surgery, such as Laser Prostate Surgery or TURP, when appropriate.

Early treatment can relieve symptoms and help prevent long-term complications.

SCI International Hospital / Dr. Gautam Banga

At SCI International Hospital, New Delhi, Dr. Gautam Banga, Senior Consultant Urologist and Andrologist, provides prompt evaluation and treatment for men experiencing urinary retention due to an enlarged prostate. Using advanced diagnostic techniques and minimally invasive treatment options, including laser prostate surgery and TURP, he focuses on restoring normal urinary function while minimizing recovery time and improving long-term quality of life.