What is a hydrocele?

A hydrocele is a fluid-filled swelling around a testicle that causes the scrotum to become enlarged. It is often painless, although a larger hydrocele may cause heaviness, discomfort, or difficulty with daily activities. In adults, hydroceles can develop due to injury, infection, or inflammation around the scrotum.

A hydrocele develops when excess fluid collects in the thin sac surrounding a testicle. It may occur on one side or both sides of the scrotum.

In adults, possible causes include:

• Injury to the scrotum
• Infection or inflammation around the testicle
• Inflammation of the epididymis or testicle
• Changes in the normal production or absorption of fluid

The most common sign is painless swelling of the scrotum. Some men may also notice heaviness, discomfort, or an increase in swelling over time.

A new scrotal swelling should be evaluated because other conditions, including an inguinal hernia, infection, or testicular problems, can produce similar symptoms. A physical examination and, when needed, an ultrasound can help identify the cause of the swelling.

Treatment depends on the cause, size, symptoms, and whether the hydrocele persists. Some hydroceles may simply be monitored, while a persistent or troublesome hydrocele may require surgical treatment such as hydrocelectomy.

SCI International Hospital

At SCI International Hospital, Dr. Gautam Banga evaluates men with scrotal swelling to determine whether it is a hydrocele or another urological condition. Based on the examination and appropriate investigations, the underlying cause and suitable treatment approach can be determined.