What causes a hydrocele in adults?

In adults, a hydrocele can develop when fluid accumulates around the testicle because of inflammation, infection, injury, or an imbalance between fluid production and absorption. Sometimes, no specific cause can be identified.

A hydrocele occurs when excess fluid collects in the thin sac surrounding the testicle. In adult men, it may develop without an obvious trigger or occur secondary to another condition affecting the testicle or surrounding tissues.

Possible causes and associated factors include:

• Inflammation of the testicle or epididymis
• Infection affecting the scrotal structures
• Injury or trauma to the scrotum
• Previous surgery involving the groin or scrotum
• Conditions that cause inflammation around the testicle
• Impaired absorption or increased production of fluid around the testicle

Adult hydroceles are generally classified as primary (idiopathic) when no underlying cause is identified or secondary when they occur in association with another condition.

Because scrotal swelling can have several causes, identifying the reason for the swelling is important. A doctor may perform a physical examination and recommend a scrotal ultrasound when the diagnosis is uncertain or another testicular condition needs to be excluded.

Treatment depends on the cause, size, symptoms, and whether the hydrocele persists.

SCI International Hospital

At SCI International Hospital, Dr. Gautam Banga evaluates adult men with hydrocele and other causes of scrotal swelling. The assessment focuses on identifying any underlying condition and determining whether observation or surgical treatment is appropriate.