Answer
Total hip replacement surgery, or total hip arthroplasty, involves removing the damaged portions of the hip joint and replacing them with artificial components (a prosthesis). Since the hip is a ball-and-socket joint, the procedure focuses on restoring both parts. First, the damaged socket (acetabulum) in the pelvic bone is cleaned out and replaced with a metal cup lined with plastic or ceramic to allow smooth movement. Next, the damaged ball (femoral head) at the top of the thigh bone is removed, and a metal stem is inserted into the femur. A new ball, made of metal or ceramic, is attached to the stem. Together, these components create a stable, pain-free joint that moves smoothly like a healthy hip.
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